Although propolis has been reported for having anti-inflammatory activities, its effects on the complement system have not been much studied. In the study, Dr. Indra Wibowo and colleagues investigated the effects of Indonesian propolis on the expression levels of C3, C1r/s, Bf, MBL, and C6 genes in zebrafish larvae which were induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). This result showed that the Indonesian propolis reduced the complement genes expression level, the number of macrophage migrations to the yolk, and cause no changes in liver structure, suggesting the potential use as an alternative to NSAIDs (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs).
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Article Citation:
Wibowo, I., Marlinda, N., Nasution FR., Putra, RE., Utami, N., Indriani, AD., Zain, RS. 2021. Down-regulation of complement genes in lipopolysaccharide-challenged zebrafish (Danio rerio) larvae exposed to Indonesian propolis. Braz. J. Biol. 83:e245202.
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Full paper is published in Brazilian Journal of Biology : https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.245202
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Image (first page):
Zebra fish illustration (source: https://doi.org/10.7875/togopic.2021.004)
Relative expression levels of C3 (A), C1r/s (B), Bf (C) and MBL genes (D) in zebrafish larvae across LPS treatments (source: Wibowo et al. 2021)
Histological structure of livers in zebrafish larvae (source: Wibowo et al. 2021)
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Profile of Dr. Indra Wibowo:
https://sith.itb.ac.id/en/indra-wibowo/